High-Resolution Rotor Fault Diagnosis of Wound Rotor Induction Machine Based on Stator Current Signature Analyses

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IRAN.

Abstract

Wound rotor induction machine (WRIM) has been extensively used in different applications such as medium-power wind turbines and traction systems. Since these machines work under harsh and difficult conditions, condition monitoring of such systems is crucial. Different electrical and mechanical signatures of machines were used for electrical and mechanical fault detection in electrical machines such as vibration, acoustic emission, stray flux, and stator current signature. In recent years, stator current signature analysis due to simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and availability has been considered for fault detection process in comparison with previous conventional methods such as acoustic and vibration. In this paper, a high-resolution technique based on the chirp-Z transform is used for rotor asymmetry fault (RAF) detection in induction machines through stator current signature analysis. In this regard, the Teager-Kaiser energy operator (TKEO) technique for demodulation fault characteristic frequency is used as a pre-processing stage to avoid leakage of the supply frequency. The method has better accuracy due to better spectral resolution and resolvability. Furthermore, computational complexity in the proposed method will be reduced in comparison to the previous conventional ones which have used the Fast Fourier transform (FFT). The proposed technique is tested through synthetic and experimental stator current of WRIM in healthy and faulty conditions with different rotational speeds and fault severities. The results show the validity of the proposed method in rotor asymmetry fault detection through the stator current signature of WRIM.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1] P. Kumar N. and T. B. Isha, "FEM based electromagnetic signature analysis of winding inter-turn short-circuit fault in inverter fed induction motor," in CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 309-315, Sept. 2019.
[2] Marzebali MH, Abolghasemi V, Ferdowsi S, Bazghandi R. Manipulation of stator current signature for rotor asymmetries fault diagnosis of wound rotor induction machine. IET Science, Measurement & Technology. 2022 Nov 1.
[3] H. Khelfi, S. Hamdani, “Temporal envelope detection by the square root of the three-phase currents for IM rotor fault diagnosis,” Springer Electrical Engineering 102, pp. 1901–1911, 2020
[4] S. Nandi, H. A. Toliyat and X. Li, "Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Motors A Review," in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 719-729, Dec. 2005.
[5] R. Puche-Panadero et al., “New Method for Spectral Leakage Reduction in the FFT of Stator Currents: Application to the Diagnosis of Bar Breakages in Cage Motors Working at Very Low Slip,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 70, pp. 1-11, 2021
[6] H. Li, G. Feng, D. Zhen, F. Gu and A. D. Ball, "A Normalized Frequency-Domain Energy Operator for Broken Rotor Bar Fault Diagnosis," in IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 70, pp. 1-10, 2021
[7] C. G. Dias and I. E. Chabu, “Spectral Analysis Using a Hall Effect Sensor for Diagnosing Broken Bars in Large Induction Motors,” in IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 63, no. 12, pp. 2890-2902, 2014
[8] C. G. Dias and F. H. Pereira, “Broken Rotor Bars Detection in Induction Motors Running at Very Low Slip Using a Hall Effect Sensor,” in IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 4602-4613, 2018
[9] M. -Q. Tran, M. -K. Liu, Q. -V. Tran and T. -K. Nguyen, "Effective Fault Diagnosis Based on Wavelet and Convolutional Attention Neural Network for Induction Motors," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 71, pp. 1-13, 2022.
[10] Wang Z, Yang J, Li H, Zhen D, Xu Y, Gu F. “Fault Identification of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motors Using an Improved Cyclic Modulation Spectral Analysis,” Energies. 2019
[11] M. Hoseintabar Marzebali, R. Bazghandi and V. Abolghasemi, "Rotor Asymmetries Faults Detection in Induction Machines Under the Impacts of Low-Frequency Load Torque Oscillation," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 71, pp. 1-11, 2022.
[12] B. Saddam, A. Aissa, B. S. Ahmed and S. Abdellatif, “Detection of rotor faults based on Hilbert Transform and neural network for an induction machine,” 2017 5th International Conference on Electrical Engineering - Boumerdes (ICEE-B), pp. 1-6, 2017
[13] B. Bessam, A. Menacer, M. Boumehraz, H. Cherif, “DWT and Hilbert Transform for Broken Rotor Bar Fault Diagnosis in Induction Machine at Low Load,” Energy Procedia, vol. 74, Pages 1248-1257, 2015
[14] R. Puche-Panadero et al., “New Method for Spectral Leakage Reduction in the FFT of Stator Currents: Application to the Diagnosis of Bar Breakages in Cage Motors Working at Very Low Slip,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 70, pp. 1-11, 2021
[15] R. Bazghandi, M. H. Marzebali and V. Abolghasemi, "Asymmetrical Fault Detection in Induction Motors through Elimination of Load Torque Oscillations Effects in the Slight Speed Variations and Steady-state Conditions," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics, 2022, doi: 10.1109/JESTIE.2022.3204485.
[16] Acosta, Gerardo & Verucchi, Carlos & Gelso, Esteban. "A current monitoring system for
diagnosing electrical failures in induction motors". Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing.
20. 953-965. 10.1016,2006
[17] E. Elbouchikhi, V. Choqueuse, Y. Amirat, M. E. H. Benbouzid and S. Turri, "An Efficient Hilbert–Huang Transform-Based Bearing Faults Detection in Induction Machines," in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 401-413, June 2017
[18] M. Pineda-Sanchez et al., "Application of the Teager–Kaiser Energy Operator to the Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motors," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1036-1044, Dec. 2013
[19] V. Abolghasemi, M. H. Marzebali and S. Ferdowsi, "Recursive Singular Spectrum Analysis for Induction Machines Unbalanced Rotor Fault Diagnosis," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 71, pp. 1-11, 2022.
[20] M. Aiello, A. Cataliotti, and S. Nuccio, "An induction motor speed measurement method based on current harmonic analysis with the chirpZ transform," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,, vol. 54, pp. 1811-1819, 2005.
[20] Rajmic, Pavel & Průša, Zdeněk & Wiesmeyr, Christoph, “Computational cost of Chirp Z-transform and Generalized Goertzel algorithm”. European Signal Processing Conference, 2014, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 1004-1008.
[21] Giron-Sierra JM. Digital Signal Processing with Matlab Examples, Volume 3. Singapore: Springer; 2017.
[22] Bhutani A, Marahrens S, Gehringer M, Göttel B, Pauli M, Zwick T, "The role of millimeter-waves in the distance measurement accuracy of an FMCW radar sensor, " Sensors, vol.19, no.18, pp.1-16.
[23] MÜ. Arkan, DR. Kostic-Perovic, PJ. Unsworth, “Modelling and simulation of induction motors with inter-turn faults for diagnostics,” Electric Power Systems Research. vol. 75, no.1, pp.57-66, 2005.