Proposing a THz refractive index sensor based on the excitation of SPPs with an InSb cylinder

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Electrical Engineering, The Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran. Iran

Abstract

A novel metamaterial absorber sensor has been proposed for refractive index measurement in the range of [1-2] for the THz frequency band. This structure is based on using a plasmonic coaxial resonator which is excited by an InSb cylinder. Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) are excited on the surface of the InSb cylinder due to an inward plane wave and propagate downward toward the cavity and through it. Based on the radius and height of the InSb cylinder, the “high-absorption” and “high-quality factor” sensing performance is introduced and analyzed. It is shown that nearly 98% absorption can be achieved for all the range of refractive index [1-2] at 1.8622 THz and in the case of “high-quality factor”, absorption reaches nearly 100% for the refractive index range of [1.5-2]. Also, by changing the radius and height of the cavity, absorption can be changed. Furthermore, sensitivity, quality factor, and figure of merit in the range of 166-672 GHz per refractive index unit (GHz/RIU), 69.1-118.7 and 10.2-29.7 is achievable, respectively. A wide range of refractive index measurements besides superior sensing performance made this structure a good candidate for sensing applications such as medical and biological applications.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]    X. Chen and W. Fan, "Ultrasensitive terahertz metamaterial sensor based on spoof surface plasmon," Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 2092, 2017/05/18 2017, doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01781-6.
[2]   A. S. Saadeldin, M. F. O. Hameed, E. M. A. Elkaramany, and S. S. A. Obayya, "Highly Sensitive Terahertz Metamaterial Sensor," IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 19, no. 18, pp. 7993-7999, 2019, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2918214.
[3]   F. Chen, Y. Cheng, and H. Luo, "Temperature Tunable Narrow-Band Terahertz Metasurface Absorber Based on InSb Micro-Cylinder Arrays for Enhanced Sensing Application," IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 82981-82988, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2991331.
[4]  M. Askari, "A near infrared plasmonic perfect absorber as a sensor for hemoglobin concentration detection," Optical and Quantum Electronics, vol. 53, no. 2, p. 67, 2021/01/22 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11082-020-02703-z.
[5] Z. Xiong et al., "Terahertz Sensor With Resonance Enhancement Based on Square Split-Ring Resonators," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 59211-59221, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3073043.
[6]  W. Pan, Y. Yan, Y. Ma, and D. Shen, "A terahertz metamaterial based on electromagnetically induced transparency effect and its sensing performance," Optics Communications, vol. 431, pp. 115-119, 2019/01/15/ 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2018.09.014.
[7] S. Banerjee, U. Nath, P. Dutta, A. V. Jha, B. Appasani, and N. Bizon, "A Theoretical Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Structure with a High Quality Factor Using Two Circular Ring Resonators for Biomedical Sensing," Inventions, vol. 6, no. 4, doi: 10.3390/inventions6040078.
[8]  M. S. Islam et al., "Broadband Characterization of Glass and Polymer Materials Using THz-TDS," in 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), 1-6 Sept. 2019 2019, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.1109/IRMMW-THz.2019.8874013.
[9]  A. Mohanty, O. P. Acharya, B. Appasani, S. K. Mohapatra, and M. S. Khan, "Design of a Novel Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber for Sensing Applications," IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 21, no. 20, pp. 22688-22694, 2021, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3109158.
[10]  F. Shen, J. Qin, and Z. Han, "Planar antenna array as a highly sensitive terahertz sensor," Appl. Opt., vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 540-544, 2019/01/20 2019, doi: 10.1364/AO.58.000540.
[11]  Y. Wang, W. Cheng, J. Qin, and Z. Han, "Terahertz refractive index sensor based on the guided resonance in a photonic crystal slab," Optics Communications, vol. 434, pp. 163-166, 2019/03/01/ 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2018.10.061.
[12]  E. Rezagholizadeh, M. Biabanifard, and S. Borzooei, "Analytical design of tunable THz refractive index sensor for TE and TM modes using graphene disks," Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol. 53, no. 29, p. 295107, 2020/05/20 2020, doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/ab85e6.
[13]  S. Banerjee et al., "A Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based Refractive Index Sensor with High Quality Factor," in 2021 13th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI), 1-3 July 2021 2021, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ECAI52376.2021.9515149.
AUT Journal of Electrical Engineering
Volume 55, Issue 2
2023
Pages 133-144

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics