Microgrid Power System Modeling Using the Multi-Agent Systems Concept and Stabilization by Lyapunov-Based Cooperative Controller During Disturbance and Load Shedding

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran

Abstract

The microgrid power system has a nonlinear dynamic with many uncertainties, such as changes in wind power and solar irradiation. Sustaining such system requires a robust approach. In this paper, in order to deal with this problem, the properties and concepts of multi-agent systems are used to model the microgrid power system, as this system has seven agents all of which have a common point production-consumption power. Afterwards, the design and implementation of cooperative control of the microgrid agents output power are discussed. Due to the fact that in the multi-agent modeling structure, each agent is related only to its neighbor agent, the designed controller is of decentralized or distributed type. Among the advantages of this distributed structure is the ability to adapt immediately and be resistant to uncertainties in the system. In addition, the advantages of the Lyapunov function in the cooperative control structure have been used in order to overcome the disturbances and uncertainties in the structure of the microgrid, and to ensure the stability of the system. Ultimately, the control law designed for the seven-factor model in MATLAB software is simulated and compared with similar previous methods.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]W. Qi, Towards Optimal Operation, Planning and Control of Data Center Microgirds: Clarkson University, 2018.
[2]  K. Bhargavi, N. Jayalakshmi, D. Gaonkar, A. Shrivastava, and V. K. Jadoun, "A comprehensive review on control techniques for power management of isolated DC microgrid system operation," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 32196-32228, 2021.
[3]  H. Cai and G. Hu, "Distributed nonlinear hierarchical control of AC microgrid via unreliable communication," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 9, pp. 2429-2441, 2016.
[4]T. Morstyn, B. Hredzak, and V. G. Agelidis, "Cooperative multi-agent control of heterogeneous storage devices distributed in a DC microgrid," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 31, pp. 2974-2986, 2015.
[5] A. J. Veronica and N. S. Kumar, "Control strategies for frequency regulation in microgrids: A review," Wind Engineering, vol. 45, pp. 107-122, 2021.
[6]E. Smith, D. Robinson, and A. Agalgaonkar, "Cooperative Control of Microgrids: A Review of Theoretical Frameworks, Applications and Recent Developments," Energies, vol. 14, p. 8026, 2021.
[7]A. Mohammed, S. S. Refaat, S. Bayhan, and H. Abu-Rub, "AC microgrid control and management strategies: Evaluation and review," IEEE Power Electronics Magazine, vol. 6, pp. 18-31, 2019.
[8]Y. Zhang, Y. Song, and S. Fei, "A distributed step-by-step finite-time consensus design for heterogeneous battery energy storage devices with droop control," CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 2020.
[9]Y. Dai, L. Zhang, K. Yan, Q. Chen, and Z. Zhou, "An Integrated Cooperative Control Strategy for EVs Accessed Community Uninterruptible Power System," IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles, 2022.
[10]  A. Bidram, F. L. Lewis, and A. Davoudi, "Synchronization of nonlinear heterogeneous cooperative systems using input–output feedback linearization," Automatica, vol. 50, pp. 2578-2585, 2014.
[11] Y. Wu, D. Meng, and Z.-G. Wu, "Transient Bipartite Synchronization for Cooperative-Antagonistic Multiagent Systems With Switching Topologies," IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2021.
[12] S. Butenko, R. Murphey, and P. M. Pardalos, Cooperative control: models, applications and algorithms vol. 1: Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
[13]        Y. Xu, J. Zhang, P. Wang, and M. Lu, "Research on the bi-level optimization model of distribution network based on distributed cooperative control," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 11798-11810, 2021.
[14] S. Mo, W.-H. Chen, and X. Lu, "Distributed hybrid secondary control strategy for DC microgrid group based on multi-agent system," in 2021 33rd Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), 2021, pp. 109-114.
[15]  C. M. Colson and M. H. Nehrir, "Algorithms for distributed decision-making for multi-agent microgrid power management," in 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2011, pp. 1-8.
[16] S. Kahrobaee, R. A. Rajabzadeh, L.-K. Soh, and S. Asgarpoor, "A multiagent modeling and investigation of smart homes with power generation, storage, and trading features," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 4, pp. 659-668, 2012.
[17]B. Krishna Metihalli and J. Narayana Sabhahit, "Disturbance Observer Based Distributed Consensus Control Strategy of Multi‐Agent System with External Disturbance in a Standalone DC Microgrid," Asian Journal of Control, vol. 23, pp. 920-936, 2021.
[18] E. Kuznetsova, Y.-F. Li, C. Ruiz, and E. Zio, "An integrated framework of agent-based modelling and robust optimization for microgrid energy management," Applied Energy, vol. 129, pp. 70-88, 2014.
[19]E. Kuznetsova, C. Ruiz, Y.-F. Li, and E. Zio, "Analysis of robust optimization for decentralized microgrid energy management under uncertainty," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 64, pp. 815-832, 2015.
[20] N. Eghtedarpour and E. Farjah, "Power control and management in a hybrid AC/DC microgrid," IEEE transactions on smart grid, vol. 5, pp. 1494-1505, 2014.
[21] C. Gouveia, D. Rua, F. Ribeiro, L. Miranda, J. M. Rodrigues, C. Moreira, et al., "Experimental validation of smart distribution grids: Development of a microgrid and electric mobility laboratory," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 78, pp. 765-775, 2016.
[22] B. M. Radhakrishnan, D. Srinivasan, and R. Mehta, "Fuzzy-based multi-agent system for distributed energy management in smart grids," International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems, vol. 24, pp. 781-803, 2016.
[23] L. Raju, R. Milton, and A. A. Morais, "Autonomous Energy Management of a Micro-Grid using Multi Agent System," Indian Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 9, pp. 1-6, 2016.
[24]M. Marzband, H. Alavi, S. S. Ghazimirsaeid, H. Uppal, and T. Fernando, "Optimal energy management system based on stochastic approach for a home Microgrid with integrated responsive load demand and energy storage," Sustainable cities and society, vol. 28, pp. 256-264, 2017.
[25]A. A. Hamad and E. F. El-Saadany, "Multi-agent supervisory control for optimal economic dispatch in DC microgrids," Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 27, pp. 129-136, 2016.
[26] A. Kaysal, S. Köroğlu, and Y. Oğuz, "Hierarchical energy management system with multiple operation modes for hybrid DC microgrid," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 141, p. 108149, 2022.
[27] M. Askari, M. Ab Kadir, H. Hizam, and J. Jasni, "A new comprehensive model to simulate the restructured power market for seasonal price signals by considering on the wind resources," Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 6, p. 023104, 2014.
[28]  M. T. Askari, M. Z. A. A. Kadir, M. Tahmasebi, and E. Bolandifar, "Modeling optimal long-term investment strategies of hybrid wind-thermal companies in restructured power market," Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, vol. 7, pp. 1267-1279, 2019.
[29]H. Cai and G. Hu, "Consensus-based distributed nonlinear hierarchical control of AC microgrid under switching communication network," in 2016 12th IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA), 2016, pp. 571-576.
[30]  H. Cai and G. Hu, "Consensus-based distributed package-level state-of-charge balancing for grid-connected battery energy storage system," in 2016 12th IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA), 2016, pp. 365-370.
[31] S. Adhikari and F. Li, "Coordinated Vf and PQ control of solar photovoltaic generators with MPPT and battery storage in microgrids," IEEE Transactions on Smart grid, vol. 5, pp. 1270-1281, 2014.
[32] R. Jabeur, Y. Boujoudar, M. Azeroual, A. Aljarbouh, and N. Ouaaline, "Microgrid energy management system for smart home using multi-agent system," International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 12, pp. 1153-1160, 2022.
[33] T. Ma, L. Zhang, and Z. Gu, "Further studies on impulsive consensus of multi-agent nonlinear systems with control gain error," Neurocomputing, vol. 190, pp. 140-146, 2016.
[34]H. Bevrani, M. R. Feizi, and S. Ataee, "Robust frequency control in an islanded microgrid: ${H} _ {\infty} $ and $\mu $-synthesis approaches," IEEE transactions on smart grid, vol. 7, pp. 706-717, 2015.
[35]J. Liu, D. Munoz de la Pena, P. D. Christofides, and J. F. Davis, "Lyapunov‐based model predictive control of nonlinear systems subject to time‐varying measurement delays," International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, vol. 23, pp. 788-807, 2009.
AUT Journal of Electrical Engineering
Volume 54, Issue 2
December 2022
Pages 245-266

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics