Amirkabir University of Technology AUT Journal of Electrical Engineering 2588-2910 57 3 2025 10 01 Optimal Design of Low-Cost Coaxial Magnetic Gear with Hybrid Permanent Magnets 499 514 5775 10.22060/eej.2025.24045.5648 EN Seyed Ahamdreza Afsari Kashani Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran 0000-0002-9197-7735 Mostafa Madanchi Zaj Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Ali Asadollahi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Mojtaba Malakooti Khaledi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Journal Article 2025 04 07 Magnetic gears transfer power similarly to mechanical gears between exclusive speeds and torques; however, magnetic gears’ contactless structures offer inherent performance advantages over mechanical gears. Nevertheless, the cost of fluctuation and the restricted availability of rare-earth permanent magnets have hindered the broader adoption of magnetic gear technology. To minimize the consumption of the rare-earth permanent magnet material, this paper proposes a less-rare-earth magnetic gear layout wherein the inner rotor uses spoke-type magnet slots filled with each rare-earth and ferrite permanent magnets to form a hybrid permanent magnet excitation. This rotor topology employs an additional asymmetric flux barrier in each pole for torque density enhancement and cogging torque suppression. For a more comprehensive study, the permanent magnet’s geometry was modeled using a trapezoidal shape. The influence of permanent magnets and barriers geometry parameters on air gap flux density was analyzed. The torque performance of the less-rare-earth magnetic gear was analyzed through 2-D and 3-D finite element analysis and compared with conventional spoke-type and flat-type interior permanent magnet rotors. https://eej.aut.ac.ir/article_5775_7a5200e5e9b3a893e1c2b0ccba7dd72f.pdf