Response of A Saline Solution Containing A Macromolecule To An External Electric Field

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The dynamical behavior of a model for body fluids in response to an external electric field is computationally investigated for communication frequencies. The effect of an applied potential difference between two electrodes in a saline solution containing a rodlike macromolecule is studied by solving the Poisson and ion continuity equations simultaneously using the finite element method (FEM). Examples of such macromolecules are stiff fragments of DNA or actin filaments. The electric field of 66 Vm-1 is considered to be applied along the symmetry axis of the system with a frequency of 1 GHz. For times larger than a few microseconds, the aggregation of the counter ions around the macromolecule decreases. This result is consistent with the experimental evidence reported in the literature. In order to reach sufficient accuracy of the model, the effect of the electroosmotic flow is investigated on the counter ion number density and on the permittivity of the system, which shows negligible effect. The real and imaginary parts of effective complex permittivity are obtained as 73.43 and 3.61, respectively, which is in agreement with the experimental limits obtained for protein solution. It is notable that the analysis is applicable to the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) which operates in the GHz frequency band.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] L. Dubois, J.-P. Sozanski, V. Tessier, J.-C. Camart, J.-J. Fabre, J. Pribetich, M. Chive, Temperature control and thermal dosimetry by microwave radiometry in hyperthermia, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 44(10) (1996) 1755-1761.
[2] D. Dunn, C.M. Rappaport, A. Terzuoli, FDTD verification of deep-set brain tumor hyperthermia using a spherical microwave source distribution, IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 44(10) (1996) 1769-1777.
[3] C. Rappaport, F. Morgenthaler, Optimal source distribution for hyperthermia at the center of a sphere of muscle tissue, IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 35(12) (1987) 1322-1327.
[4] C. Rappaport, J. Pereira, Optimal microwave source distributions for heating off-center tumors in spheres of high water content tissue, IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 40(10) (1992) 1979-1982.
[5] D. Sullivan, Three-dimensional computer simulation in deep regional hyperthermia using the finite-difference time-domain method, IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 38(2) (1990) 204-211.
[6] A. Vander Vorst, F. Duhamel, 1990-1995 Advances in investigating the interaction of microwave fields with the nervous system, IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 44(10) (1996) 1898-1909.
[7] F. Apollonio, G. d’Inzeo, L. Tarricone, Theoretical analysis of voltage-gated membrane channels under GSM and DECT exposure, in: Microwave Symposium Digest, 1997., IEEE MTT-S International, IEEE, 1997, pp. 103-106.
[8] J.C. Lin, S.M. Michaelson, Biological effects and health implications of radiofrequency radiation, Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
[9] Y. Sefidbakht, S. Hosseinkhani, M. Mortazavi, I. Tavakkolnia, M.R. Khellat, M. Shakiba.Herfeh, M. Saviz, R. Faraji.Dana, A.A. Saboury, N. Sheibani, Effects of 940 MHz EMF on luciferase solution: Structure, function, and dielectric studies, Bioelectromagnetics, 34(6) (2013) 489-498.
[10] O. Grigore, O. Calborean, G. Cojocaru, R. Ungureanu, M. Mernea, M. Dinca, S. Avram, D. Mihailescu, T. Dascalu, High-intensity THz pulses application to protein conformational changes, Romanian Reports in Physics, 67(4) (2015) 1251-1260.
[11] F. Belloni, D. Doria, A. Lorusso, V. Nassisi, L. Velardi, P. Alifano, C. Monaco, A. Talà, M. Tredici, A. Rainò, Experimental analysis of a TEM plane transmission line for DNA studies at 900 MHz EM fields, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 39(13) (2006) 2856.
[12] J.K. Dhont, K. Kang, Electric-field-induced polarization of the layer of condensed ions on cylindrical colloids, The European Physical Journal E, 34(4) (2011) 40.
[13] S. Fischer, R. Netz, Low-frequency collective exchange mode in the dielectric spectrum of salt-free dilute polyelectrolyte solutions, The European Physical Journal E, 36(10) (2013) 117.
[14] R. Gan, W. Yan-Ting, Saturated sodium chloride solution under an external static electric field: A molecular dynamics study, Chinese Physics B, 24(12) (2015) 126402.
[15] J. Hand, Modelling the interaction of electromagnetic fields (10 MHz–10 GHz) with the human body: methods and applications, Physics in Medicine & Biology, 53(16) (2008) R243.
[16] F.X. Hart, Cytoskeletal forces produced by extremely low.frequency electric fields acting on extracellular glycoproteins, Bioelectromagnetics: Journal of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, The Society for Physical Regulation in Biology and Medicine, The European Bioelectromagnetics Association, 31(1) (2010) 77-84.
[17] S. Takashima, C. Gabriel, R. Sheppard, E. Grant, Dielectric behavior of DNA solution at radio and microwave frequencies (at 20 degrees C), Biophysical journal, 46(1) (1984) 29-34.
[18] T. Vreugdenhil, F. Van der Touw, M. Mandel, Electric permittivity and dielectric dispersion of low-molecular weight DNA at low ionic strength, Biophysical chemistry, 10(1) (1979) 67-80.
[19] M.N. Sadiku, A simple introduction to finite element analysis of electromagnetic problems, IEEE Transactions on Education, 32(2) (1989) 85-93.
[20] A. Deshkovski, S. Obukhov, M. Rubinstein, Counterion phase transitions in dilute polyelectrolyte solutions, Physical review letters, 86(11) (2001) 2341.
[21] R. Morrow, D. McKenzie, M. Bilek, The time-dependent development of electric double-layers in saline solutions, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 39(5) (2006) 937.
[22] V.P. Andreev, Cytoplasmic electric fields and electroosmosis: possible solution for the paradoxes of the intracellular transport of biomolecules, PloS one, 8(4) (2013) e61884.
[23] R. Hossain, K. Adamiak, Dynamic properties of the electric double layer in electrolytes, Journal of Electrostatics, 71(5) (2013) 829-838.
[24] P.J. Roache, Computational fluid dynamics, Hermosa publishers, 1972.
[25] D.J. Griffiths, Electrodynamics, Introduction to Electrodynamics, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, (1999) 301-306.
[26] J.D. Jackson, Classical electrodynamics, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[27] A. Adamson, A textbook of physical chemistry, Elsevier, 2012.
[28] P. Atkins, J. De Paula, J. Keeler, Atkins’ physical chemistry, Oxford university press, 2018.
[29] M. Yoshida, K. Kikuchi, T. Maekawa, H. Watanabe, Electric polarization of rodlike polyions investigated by Monte Carlo simulations, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 96(5) (1992) 2365-2371.
[30] M.L. Bret, B.H. Zimm, Distribution of counterions around a cylindrical polyelectrolyte and Manning’s condensation theory, Biopolymers: Original Research on Biomolecules, 23(2) (1984) 287-312.
[31] E. Grant, The dielectric method of investigating bound water in biological material: An appraisal of the technique, Bioelectromagnetics: Journal of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, The Society for Physical Regulation in Biology and Medicine, The European Bioelectromagnetics Association, 3(1) (1982) 17-24.
[32] S. Gekle, R.R. Netz, Nanometer-resolved radio-frequency absorption and heating in biomembrane hydration layers, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 118(18) (2014) 4963-4969.
[33] A. Peyman, C. Gabriel, E. Grant, Complex permittivity of sodium chloride solutions at microwave frequencies, Bioelectromagnetics: Journal of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, The Society for Physical Regulation in Biology and Medicine, The European Bioelectromagnetics Association, 28(4) (2007) 264-274.
[34] F. Bordi, C. Cametti, R. Colby, Dielectric spectroscopy and conductivity of polyelectrolyte solutions, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 16(49) (2004) R1423.
[35] H.P. Schwan, Interaction of microwave and radio frequency radiation with biological systems, IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 16(2) (1971) 146-152.
[36] S. Nikzad, H. Noshad, Electrostatic analysis of the charged surface in a solution via the finite element method: The Poisson-Boltzmann theory, AUT Journal of Electrical Engineering, 48(1) (2016) 11-17.
[37] S. Nikzad, H. Noshad, E. Motevali, Study of nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation for a rodlike macromolecule using the pseudo-spectral method, Results in physics, 7 (2017) 3938-3945.
[38] S. Nikzad, H. Noshad, M. Saviz, Steady state behavior of a finite rodlike macromolecule in salt free solution, Results in physics, 7 (2017) 2658-2662.
[39] H.-J. Butt, H.-J.B. Butt, K. Graf, M. Kappl, Physics and chemistry of interfaces, John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
[40] A. Majee, M. Bier, S. Dietrich, Poisson-Boltzmann study of the effective electrostatic interaction between colloids at an electrolyte interface, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 145(6) (2016) 064707.
[41] D. Murray, A. Arbuzova, G. Hangyás-Mihályné, A. Gambhir, N. Ben-Tal, B. Honig, S. McLaughlin, Electrostatic properties of membranes containing acidic lipids and adsorbed basic peptides: theory and experiment, Biophysical Journal, 77(6) (1999) 3176-3188.
[42] R.M. Peitzsch, M. Eisenberg, K.A. Sharp, S. McLaughlin, Calculations of the electrostatic potential adjacent to model phospholipid bilayers, Biophysical journal, 68(3) (1995) 729-738.
AUT Journal of Electrical Engineering
Volume 50, Issue 2
December 2018
Pages 121-128

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics